Neurosurgery is surgery of the nervous system. A neurological surgeon, or neurosurgeon, is a specialist who is trained in surgery of the nervous system, and can perform surgery on the brain, spinal cord, or other parts of the nervous system. This specialist is sometimes called a brain surgeon. The neurosurgeon also works with patients to diagnose, evaluate, and treat diseases or disorders of the nervous system, and aids in critical care of patients before, during and after surgery.
Physicians in this specialty treat patients suffering from numerous diseases and illnesses, but some of the most common are spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, spinal injury, herniated disc, brain tumors, stroke, spinal cord tumors, scoliosis, epilepsy, spinal infection, spinal discectomy, spinal deformity, brain tumor, coma, seizure, alzheimer's disease, cerebral palsy, meningitis, multiple sclerosis, and parkinson's disease.